Урок 6. Victorian families

Конспект урока

Английский язык, 11 класс

Урок № 6. Victorian families

На уроке вы:

• познакомитесь с жизнью британской семьи в Викторианскую эпоху;
• научитесь распознавать в тексте и употреблять в речи лексические единицы по теме «Страна/страны изучаемого языка, её/их культурные достопримечательности. История. Семья в Викторианскую эпоху»;
• получите представление о классовом составе Британского общества;
• научитесь описывать и сравнивать фотографии, грамотно пользоваться словами-связками whereas, but, both;
• сможете применять основные способы словообразования;

Термины и понятия урока № 6 :

Лексические единицы по теме «Страна/страны изучаемого языка, её/их культурные достопримечательности. История. Семья в Викторианскую эпоху»: average, household, nursery, servants, running water, pump, coal mines, cotton mills, chimney sweeps, fairgrounds, firework displays

Развитие лексических навыков: употребление лексических единиц в речи.

Развитие навыков аудирования и чтения с полным пониманием прочитанного

Активизация грамматических навыков и умений по теме «Времена английского глагола в активном и страдательном залоге. Личные и неличные формы глагола».

Развитие умения грамотно использовать слова связки but, whereas, both при сравнении двух фотографий.

Развитие навыков лексико-грамматической трансформации в заданном контексте.

Основная и дополнительная литература по теме урока:

• Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский в фокусе. Английский язык. 11 класс. Учебник, стр. 23 – М.: Просвещение, 2017.
• Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский язык. Рабочая тетрадь. 11 класс. – М.: Просвещение, 2017.
• Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский язык. Книга для чтения. 11 класс. – М.: Просвещение, 2017.
• Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский язык. Языковой портфель. 11 класс. – М.: Просвещение, 2017.
• Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский язык. Контрольные задания. 11 класс. – М.: Просвещение, 2017.
• Абросимова Л С., Дули Дж. и др. Курс на ЕГЭ. 10-11 класс – М.: Просвещение, 2017.
• Смирнов Ю.А.английский язык. Современная Британия. 10-11 классы. Элективный курс: пособие для учащихся общеобразовательных учреждений и школ с углубленным изучением английского языка. . – М.: Просвещение, 2012

Task 1. Brush up your active vocabulary

1. average — средний

2. household – семья, домочадцы, домашние

3. nursery – детская комната

4. servant – слуга

5. running water – водопровод

6. pump — помпа, насос

7. coal mine – угольная шахта

8. cotton mill — хлопкопрядильная фабрика

9. chimney sweep – трубочист

10. fairground — ярмарочная площадь

11. firework displays – показ фейерверка

Task 2. Read short texts about Victorian families and match a suitable heading. One heading is extra.

1._________________________________________

Many women had lots of babies. Birth control was not widespread, and few couples used any means of contraception. Child-bearing could be dangerous, and many women died in childbirth. Many babies also died, from childhood diseases. Queen Victoria had nine children. Her children were called Edward, Alfred, Arthur, Leopold, Victoria, Alice, Helena, Louise and Beatrice. The royal family became a model for other families.

2.__________________________________________

Many poor children lived in tiny country cottages or in city slums. There was no money for toys, nowhere to play except alleys and yards. Many children had to work, while others were too sick and hungry to play. Yet most poor children still managed to make some fun. They played with whatever they could find, perhaps dancing to the music of a hurdy-gurdy man, paddling in a stream, or climbing trees and lamp-posts.

3.______________________________________________

Rich families had large houses, with a special room for children called the nursery. This was often at the top of the house. In the nursery younger children ate, played and slept. They were looked after by a woman called a nanny. She took them for walks in the park or to the zoo. Some rich children saw their parents only in the morning and evening, and were looked after mostly by their nanny and by other servants. Most Victorians thought children should be ‘seen and not heard’.

4.______________________________________________

Victorians made their own entertainment at home. They had no radio or TV. They enjoyed singing, and a rich family would sing around the piano, while poorer families enjoyed tunes on a pipe or a fiddle. Families played card games and board games, and acted out charades. At birthday parties, a special treat was a magic lantern show. An oil or gas lamp sent a beam of light through a glass lens and onto a screen, to show enlarged images, perhaps of wild animals or a story told in pictures.

Headings: Family rules , Nanny in the nursery, Why such big families?, Fun at home, Slum children

Task 3. Do the quiz on rich and poor Victorian families

1. In Victorian household a “nanny” was a goat/ a grandmother/ someone who looked after the children.
2. What games did children play at home? Pantomimes/charades/Punch and Judy
3. What were magic lanterns powered with? Gas/Electricity/Wind power
4. Which of these was true in Victorian times? Many people thought children should be seen and not heard/ Many people thought children should not be seen at all/ Many people thought children should make as much noise as they liked.
5. Which of these statements is not true? Many Victorian babies died from childhood diseases/ Many Victorian women died in childbirth/ All Victorian children were healthier than children today

Task 4. Read the text and fill the gaps (1- 5)with the phrases(A- F) One phrase is extra

Many women had lots of babies. Birth control was not widespread, and few couples used any means of contraception. Child-bearing could be dangerous, 1.______________________Many babies also died, from childhood diseases. Queen Victoria had nine children. Her children were called Edward, Alfred, Arthur, Leopold, Victoria, Alice, Helena, Louise and Beatrice. The royal family became a model for other families.

Many poor children lived in tiny country cottages or in city slums. There was no money for toys, nowhere to play 2._________________. Many children had to work, while others were too sick and hungry to play. Yet most poor children still managed to make some fun. They played with whatever they could find, 3.____________________paddling in a stream, or climbing trees and lamp-posts.

Rich families had large houses, with a special room for children called the nursery. This was often at the top of the house. In the nursery younger children ate, played and slept. They were looked after by a woman called a nanny. She took them for walks in the park or to the zoo.4.______________________________, and were looked after mostly by their nanny and by other servants. Most Victorians thought children should be ‘seen and not heard’.

Victorians made their own entertainment at home. They had no radio or TV. They enjoyed singing, and a rich family would sing around the piano, 5.___________________________. Families played card games and board games, and acted out charades. At birthday parties, a special treat was a magic lantern show. An oil or gas lamp sent a beam of light through a glass lens and onto a screen, to show enlarged images, perhaps of wild animals or a story told in pictures.

1. while poorer families enjoyed tunes on a pipe or a fiddle.
2. Some rich children saw their parents only in the morning and evening
3. except alleys and yards
4. while their parents had to make their living
5. perhaps dancing to the music of a hurdy-gurdy man
6. and many women died in childbirth.

Task 5. Match the words and word combinations with their definitions

Task 6 Read the text about class division in the UK and put the sentences in the correct order to make a plan of the text.

Some things about Britain make sense only to the British. One of these, probably the strangest is social class.

There are three main class divisions in Britain with some ‘in between’ variations (such as ‘upper middle’): upper-middle and lower or working class. And people in Britain are very conscious of class differences.

The different classes in Britain tend to eat different food at different time of the day (and call the meals by different names), they like to talk about different topics, they enjoy different pastimes and sports and have different ideas about the correct way to behave.

The easiest way to guess the class to which the person belongs to is to listen to the way he or she speaks. A person’s accent in Britain is an identity card. Other people will be able to say what social background you come from, where you were born or educated, and what kind of job you do.

Changing an accent is difficult, even for actors. To achieve the desired accent, a British person must speak it from childhood. This is one of the reasons why people still send their children to expensive private schools. It is not that the education there is better, but because, as adults, they will have the right accent and manners.

A person’s vocabulary is also very important. Here is a good class-test you can try: when talking to an English person, say something too quietly for them to hear you properly. A lower-middle or middle-middle person will say ‘Pardon?’; an upper-middle will say ‘Sorry?’ (or perhaps ‘Sorry – what?’); but an upper-class and a working-class person will both say ‘What?’ The working person, however, will drop the ‘t’ – ‘Wha’?’

‘Toilet’ is another word that makes the higher classes exchange knowing looks. The correct upper word is ‘lavatory’ or ‘loo’. The working classes all say ‘toilet’, as do most lower-middles and middle-middles, the only difference being the working-class dropping of the final ‘t’.

An interesting thing about the class system in Britain is that very often it has nothing to do with money. A person with an upper-class accent, using upper-class words, will be recognized as upper class even if he or she is unemployed or homeless. And a person with working-class pronunciation, who calls a sofa ‘a settee’, and his midday meal ‘dinner’, will be identified as working class even if he is a multi-millionaire living in a grand country house.

1. Money and the class system
2. Class differences on the lexical level
3. Accent is important
4. Social classes in Britain

Task 7. Read the comparison of upper/middle and working class families and underline the correct linking word.

Upper, middle class and working class families have large families but/ moreover working class families were usually larger.

Working class fathers usually worked in factories, likewise/ whereas fathers from the upper and middle class worked in banking or insurance.

Upper and middle class families lived comfortably and did not have to carry out dirty jobs in addition/ while working class families did.

In working class families the mother was responsible for the household chores and/ but in upper and middle class families they had servants.

For entertainment, working class families went to cheap music halls, watched sports matches or went to see firework displays whereas / moreover upper and middle class families visited museums and galleries.

Task 8. Read the linking expressions showing similarities and differences between the picture and fill in the table: Both …. and, but, whereas, while, likewise, although, on the one hand, so do/does…, on the other hand, in contrast to/with, unlike

Task 9. Read the text about Victorian family life and find synonyms for the words in bold

Life for Victorian Children in Victorian times (1830 to 1900) was nothing like childhood in today’s world. For the wealthy there was an overwhelming sense of boredom and the constant prodding to be proper and polite with very little parent to child communication. For the poor Victorian Children life was much different. The poor children had to work public jobs for their families to survive.  Toys were nothing more than homemade dolls or wooden blocks. On the other hand their family life was tighter knit and more loving.

While the wealthy children may have been spoiled and had a much better life than the poor children, they also had what would seem to be a sad, redundant and affection-less existence.

Children were mostly raised by a nanny who would teach the child what was proper and what was not. Day to day living was nothing more than a lonely monotonous routine and very formal. Wealthy Victorian Children rarely communicated with their parents except for a specified time each day.

Word bank: affectionate, households, interaction, brought up, tedium ,uninspiring , arranged, rich

Task 10. Read the text about Victorian family life and cross out the extra words

The poor Victorian Children lived a very different/average/various life than the children of wealthier families. They didn’t have the nice houses to live in or the extravagant toys, clothes or fine dishes/ foods/meals that the rich kids had. They lived in much smaller palaces/houses/cottages or even single rooms.

Living in these tight quarters caused the family to be much closer/wider/narrower. Without the presence of a servant/waiter/ nanny the parents raised the children and were the guiding force in their lives. This did not always translate to a more loving atmosphere though. Since a large part of the wealthy/rich/poor children had to work public jobs to help support/provide/maintain their families many parents thought of children as income, and having more children who played/sold/ worked raised the income of the home. Many parents had 10 or 12 or even more children for this reason alone.

Task 11. Read the text and fill in the missing words. Two words are extra

Although many children worked in Victorian times, they still had time to play.__________, most Victorian children played in the street or in the fields and woods. Not many families had gardens big enough to play in, and there were no children’s ____________. Rich families had playrooms or ___________, but poorer children played wherever they could find space. With ten or more children often crammed into one or two rooms, play-space for poor families was a luxury. Playing outside was the usual _____________.

Victorian children were often given books with improving __________lessons, about ___________-with names like Lazy Lawrence and Simple Susan. A favourite story was Charles Kingsley’s The Water Babies about a badly treated___________. There were lots of books written _________for children, such as Treasure Island (about pirates) by R. L. Stevenson and Black Beauty (about a horse) by Anna Sewell. Perhaps the most famous Victorian children’s book is Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (1865) written by Lewis Carroll.

Word bank: (usually, escape, chimney-boy, playgrounds, characters, fairgrounds, outdoors, nurseries, moral, specially)

РАЗБОР РЕШЕНИЯ ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОГО ЗАДАНИЯ 11

Task 11. Read the text and fill in the missing words. Two words are extra

Although many children worked in Victorian times, they still had time to play.__________, most Victorian children played in the street or in the fields and woods. Not many families had gardens big enough to play in, and there were no children’s ____________. Rich families had playrooms or ___________, but poorer children played wherever they could find space. With ten or more children often crammed into one or two rooms, play-space for poor families was a luxury. Playing outside was the usual _____________.

Victorian children were often given books with improving __________lessons, about ___________-with names like Lazy Lawrence and Simple Susan. A favourite story was Charles Kingsley’s The Water Babies about a badly treated___________. There were lots of books written _________for children, such as Treasure Island (about pirates) by R. L. Stevenson and Black Beauty (about a horse) by Anna Sewell. Perhaps the most famous Victorian children’s book is Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (1865) written by Lewis Carroll.

Данное задание проверяет не только знание лексики по теме, но и внимание к лексико-грамматическому контексту, окружению пропуска, знание синонимов и антонимов. Задание осложнено наличием двух слов — дистракторов. Сначала необходимо бегло прочитать весь текст, чтобы понять его тему. Затем необходимо обратить внимание на пропуски слов- какую синтаксическую функцию играет пропущенное слово? В первом пропуске __________, most Victorian children played in the street or in the fields and woods необходимо обратить внимание на пояснения после запятой, в частности, такие слова, как played in the street or in the fields and woods. Очевидно, по смыслу подойдет наречие outdoors, значение которого и объясняется после запятой: . Outdoors, most Victorian children played in the street or in the fields and woods. Во втором предложении Not many families had gardens big enough to play in, and there were no children’s ____________ подсказкой являются слова gardens big enough to play in. Судя по синтаксической функции, искомое слово- существительное во множественном числе, которое могло бы определять существительное в притяжательном падеже children’s.Это слово- playgrounds: Not many families had gardens big enough to play in, and there were no children’s playgrounds. В третьем предложении Rich families had playrooms or ___________ необходимо подобрать синоним к слову playrooms. Это существительное множественного числа nurseries: Rich families had playrooms or nurseries, but poorer children played wherever they could find space

В четвертом предложении Playing outside was the usual _____________ необходимо подобрать существительное в единственном числе. Очевидно, это слово escape: Playing outside was the usual escape. В пятом предложении Victorian children were often given books with improving __________lessons, about ___________-with names like Lazy Lawrence and Simple Susan необходимо подобрать прилагательное к слову lessons и общее понятие, под которое подходят такие существительные, как names like Lazy Lawrence and Simple Susan. Это слова moral и characters: Victorian children were often given books with improving moral lessons, about characters with names like Lazy Lawrence and Simple Susan.

В следующем пропуске A favourite story was Charles Kingsley’s The Water Babies about a badly treated___________ необходимо подобрать существительное в единственном числе: это оставшееся слово chimney-boy: A favourite story was Charles Kingsley’s The Water Babies about a badly treated chimney-boy. В последнем пропуске There were lots of books written _________for children, необходимо подобрать наречие, которое будет определять второе причастие written. Очевидно, это наречие specially, так как второе наречие usually не подходит по контексту: There were lots of books written specially for children.

РАЗБОР РЕШЕНИЯ ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОГО ЗАДАНИЯ 4

Task 4. Read the text and fill the gaps (1- 5)with the phrases(A- F) One phrase is extra

Many women had lots of babies. Birth control was not widespread, and few couples used any means of contraception. Child-bearing could be dangerous, 1.______________________Many babies also died, from childhood diseases. Queen Victoria had nine children. Her children were called Edward, Alfred, Arthur, Leopold, Victoria, Alice, Helena, Louise and Beatrice. The royal family became a model for other families.

Many poor children lived in tiny country cottages or in city slums. There was no money for toys, nowhere to play 2._________________. Many children had to work, while others were too sick and hungry to play. Yet most poor children still managed to make some fun. They played with whatever they could find, 3.____________________paddling in a stream, or climbing trees and lamp-posts.

Rich families had large houses, with a special room for children called the nursery. This was often at the top of the house. In the nursery younger children ate, played and slept. They were looked after by a woman called a nanny. She took them for walks in the park or to the zoo.4.______________________________, and were looked after mostly by their nanny and by other servants. Most Victorians thought children should be ‘seen and not heard’.

Victorians made their own entertainment at home. They had no radio or TV. They enjoyed singing, and a rich family would sing around the piano, 5.___________________________. Families played card games and board games, and acted out charades. At birthday parties, a special treat was a magic lantern show. An oil or gas lamp sent a beam of light through a glass lens and onto a screen, to show enlarged images, perhaps of wild animals or a story told in pictures.

1. while poorer families enjoyed tunes on a pipe or a fiddle.
2. Some rich children saw their parents only in the morning and evening
3. except alleys and yards
4. while their parents had to make their living
5. perhaps dancing to the music of a hurdy-gurdy man
6. and many women died in childbirth.

Это задание направлено на контроль сформированности навыков чтения с восстановлением логической структуры текста. Чтобы справиться с этим заданием, необходимо сначала бегло ознакомиться с содержанием текста, затем внимательно изучить каждый пропуск и соотнести его с частями A- F.необходимо обращать внимание не только на смысл фразы или всего предложения, но и на вспомогательные части речи – артикли, предлоги, союзы, относительные местоимения, синонимы и повторы, перифразы, пунктуационное оформление. После выполнения упражнения необходимо еще раз просмотреть весь текст, обращая внимание на логику повествования.

В первом пропуске Child-bearing could be dangerous, 1.______________________Many babies also died, from childhood diseases речь идет о рождении детей. Ключевые слова сhild-bearing, babies, childhood позволяют выбрать вариант F and many women died in childbirth, так как эта часть предложения раскрывает и поясняет первую часть. Child-bearing could be dangerous, 1.____F_______ and many women died in childbirth. Many babies also died, from childhood diseases.

Во втором пропуске There was no money for toys, nowhere to play 2._________________. Следует обратить внимание на вариант C, так как он поясняет, где же все-таки дети из бедных семей могли играть: There was no money for toys, nowhere to play 2 С except alleys and yards.

В третьем пропуске They played with whatever they could find, 3.____________________paddling in a stream, or climbing trees and lamp-posts ключевой подсказкой является повтор первого причастия paddling in a stream, or climbing trees, что позволяет выбрать вариант E: They played with whatever they could find, 3 perhaps dancing to the music of a hurdy-gurdy man, paddling in a stream, or climbing trees and lamp-posts.

В четвертом пропуске 4.______________________________, and were looked after mostly by their nanny and by other servants необходимо найти начало предложения с подлежащим, выраженным именем существительным во множественном числе, которое могло бы согласовываться с глаголом –сказуемым were looked after. Это вариант В. Some rich children saw their parents only in the morning and evening: Some rich children saw their parents only in the morning and evening, and were looked after mostly by their nanny and by other servants.

В последнем пропуске They enjoyed singing, and a rich family would sing around the piano, 5.___________________________. Следует обратить внимание на то, что речь идет о развлечении как бедных семей, так и богатых. Мы ищем часть предложения, описывающую развлечения бедных семей. Это вариант A: while poorer families enjoyed tunes on a pipe or a fiddle c противительным союзом while: They enjoyed singing, and a rich family would sing around the piano, 5 A. while poorer families enjoyed tunes on a pipe or a fiddle.

ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ

1. Do exercise 1 on page 11 ( Рабочая тетрадь Английский в фокусе. Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский в фокусе. Английский язык. 11 класс., стр. 11 – М.: Просвещение, 2017.)
2. Do exercise 2 on page 11 (Рабочая тетрадь Английский в фокусе. Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский в фокусе. Английский язык. 11 класс., стр. 11 – М.: Просвещение, 2017.)