Урок 40. Hopes and dreams

Конспект урока

Английский язык, 11 класс

Урок № 40. Hopes and dreams

На уроке вы:

• познакомитесь с информацией о выдающихся людях, которые смогли достичь свои цели и реализовали свои мечты и профессиональные амбиции;
• узнаете, что надо делать, чтобы реализовать свои самые смелые планы;
• познакомитесь с новыми лексическими единицами по теме «Надежды и мечты. Современный мир профессий. Возможности продолжения образования в высшей школе. Проблемы выбора будущей сферы трудовой и профессиональной деятельности, профессии, планы на ближайшее будущее»;
• познакомитесь с устойчивыми выражениями со словом «мечта»;
• разовьете навыки чтения с полным пониманием текста;
• повторите способы словообразования в связном контексте.

Термины и понятия урока № 40 : Лексические единицы по теме «Надежды и мечты. Современный мир профессий. Возможности продолжения образования в высшей школе. Проблемы выбора будущей сферы трудовой и профессиональной деятельности, профессии, планы на ближайшее будущее »: run for, insurmountable, perseverance, inspiration, come up against, make a difference, initially, defeat, failings, banish, reject, overcome, achieve, long to, reach one’s goal, take things as they come, face, move on, come true, self-doubt, perspiration, prove, dash one’s hopes, in the hope that, hope for the best, get one’s hopes up, give up hope, have high hopes of, pin one’s hopes on smb.

Развитие лексических навыков: употребление лексических единиц в речи.

Развитие навыков чтения с полным пониманием прочитанного.

Активизация грамматических навыков и умений по теме «Времена английского глагола в активном и страдательном залоге. Личные и неличные формы глагола». Развитие навыков лексико-грамматической трансформации в заданном контексте

Основная и дополнительная литература по теме урока:

• Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский в фокусе. Английский язык. 11 класс. Учебник, стр. 23 – М.: Просвещение, 2017.
• Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский язык. Рабочая тетрадь. 11 класс. – М.: Просвещение, 2017.
• Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский язык. Книга для чтения. 11 класс. – М.: Просвещение, 2017.
• Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский язык. Языковой портфель. 11 класс. – М.: Просвещение, 2017.
• Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский язык. Контрольные задания. 11 класс. – М.: Просвещение, 2017.
• Абросимова Л С., Дули Дж. и др. Курс на ЕГЭ. 10-11 класс – М.: Просвещение, 2017.

Task 1.Read the text and fill in the gaps (1-7) with A, B, C, D:

I have a dream…..

Did you know that it took Abraham Lincoln thirty years to achieve his dream of becoming President of the United States? After losing his mother at a young age, his first attempt at business ended in failure. Then he failed to 1) …….. into law school, which he desperately wanted. He eventually became a lawyer, but then he was defeated for congress three times and got less than one hundred votes when he ran for Vice-President. He was finally elected

sixteenth President of the United States when he was fifty-two years old. He faced countless insurmountable obstacles, but he never gave up. He just kept on going until he reached his goal!

So what about you? You may not dream of being a world leader, but perhaps you long to become a lawyer, an astronaut or an inventor, to climb Mount Everest or perhaps simply to do something to help those less fortunate than yourself. At times, achieving these ambitions may seem impossible and, like Abraham Lincoln, you might come up against incredible difficulties. But 2) …….. heart because there are some very practical steps you can take to help make your dreams come true…

Believe in yourself

Without a doubt, this is the first step on the road to achieving your dreams! And this means not listening to anyone who tells you, ‘You can’t.’ Einstein, Beethoven and Edison, all knew about this. Einstein was considered an ‘unteachable fool’ by his early teachers, Beethoven’s music teacher told him he was a ‘hopeless composer’, and Thomas Edison’s mother was told to 3) …….. him from school because he was ‘too stupid to learn’. Sometimes, though, it’s not others that we have to worry about. Many times, we are our own worst enemy. We look at ourselves and all we can see are our weaknesses, failings and defeats. But when you banish self-doubt, you are capable of doing everything you attempt to the best of your 4) …….. because you believe you can succeed. As Henry Ford once put it, ‘If you think you can or you think you can’t, you’re probably right.’

Take steps to achieve your dreams

Remember, Rome wasn’t built in a day! In other words, achieving your dreams is usually a process involving a lot of 5) …….. work and perseverance. Therefore, read books, take courses, practise for hours or do whatever you need to do that will give you the skills to achieve your goals. After all, in the words of Thomas Edison, ‘Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration.’

Don’t give up

Finally, don’t be afraid of failure on the way to achieving your dreams. Michael Jordan is someone who understands this very well. ‘I’ve failed over and over again in my life,’ he once said, ‘and that is why I succeed.’ Thomas Edison’s life proves to us that this is true. After

thousands of failures, each of which showed him how not to make a light bulb, he was able to achieve a success that would change people’s lives forever. In the same 6) …….., George Lucas’ script for Star Wars was initially rejected by various studios. If he had given up at this point, he

would have never seen Star Wars become one of the most popular films of all 7) ……..!

So, never say never. Believe you can climb that mountain, swim that ocean or reach that place, and surely one day you will. There would be no Ford cars, Star Wars, light bulbs or Beethoven symphonies if this was not true!

Task 2. Learn the new words

Run for- баллотироваться в

Insurmountable- непреодолимый

Perseverance- упорство, настойчивость

Inspiration- вдохновение

come up against- сталкиваться с

make a difference- изменить что-то к лучшему

initially- первоначально

defeat- побеждать

failings- недостатки

banish- выгонять

reject- отвергать, не принимать

overcome- преодолевать

achieve- достигать

long to- страстно желать, стремиться к

reach one’s goal- достичь цели

take things as they come- принимать как есть

face- столкнуться

move on- продвигаться

come true- осуществить, реализовать

self-doubt- неуверенность в себе

perspiration-потение

prove- доказывать

Task 3. Learn the following set expressions with the word «hope»

dash one’s hopes- разбить чьи-то надежды

in the hope that- в надежде, что

hope for the best- надеяться на лучшее

get one’s hopes up- успокаивать, подбадривать

give up hope- потерять надежду, оставить надежду

have high hopes of- возлагать большие надежды на

pin one’s hopes on somebody -возлагать надежды на кого-либо

Task 4. Match the words from the text with their meanings

Task 5. Fill in the words into each gap

I 1f you _______for President, you would need a lot of money to pay for the campaign.

2 _______is necessary if you want to learn a foreign language.

3 Don’t worry if you _____________people criticizing you. Ignore them!

4__________, her ambition was to be a vet, but now she wants to be an accountant.

5 Only a king can ___________his subjects from his country.

6 Lack of money was an _________problem to their night out.

7 Writers get ____________from just walking down the street.

8 One of his ____________is his constant self-doubt.

9 My team was ______________in the first round.

10 His marriage proposal was unexpectedly____________.

Word bank: insurmountable, come up against, ran, initially, banish, perseverance, rejected, inspiration, failings, defeated.

Task 6. Choose the correct word .

1 Goals are achieved with hard work and self-doubt/ perseverance/ perspiration.

2 Napoleon was banished/ rejected / defeated in the battle of Waterloo.

3 Fighting to end hunger in the third world often seems like an insurmountable/ defeated/endless battle.

4 Perseverance/ self-doubt/ perspiration is the body’s way of regulating its temperature or responding to stress.

5 Perseverance/ self-doubt/ perspiration kept Helen from pursuing her dream.

6 City Hall banished/ rejected / defeated the architect’s designs.

7 Banish/ reject / defeat feelings of doubt with these 10 quick and easy steps

Task 7. Match the set expressions with their definitions

Task 8. Underline the correct word in the exchanges

1 A: How is she, Doctor?

B: We have done everything medically possible. All we

can do now is hope for the dashed/ best/ pin/ given up.

2 A: Rick’s hopes of winning a medal were dashed/ best/ pin/ given up when he slipped and fell during the race.

B: What a shame! But there’s always next year.

3 A: Don’t dashed/ best/ pin/ given up all your hopes on becoming an astronaut.

B: Just watch and see. I’ll make it happen!

4 A: Have you heard from the company you applied to last

month?

B: No, and I’ve dashed/ best/ pin/ given up hope of a reply now.

Task 9. Complete the sentences with the phrases in the correct form

1 We might be able to go away this weekend, but don’t _________― I may have to work.

2 He gave up his job _______ he would find something better.

3 I hadn’t changed a tyre before but I decided to have a go and _________ .

4 A terrible injury _____ Greg’s ________ of reaching the Olympics.

5 Mike _______ getting this job. He hasn’t applied for anything else.

6 I never ______ that I would become a famous singer one day.

7 Joanne _________ going to university

Word bank: dash one’s hopes, in the hope that, hope for the best, get one’s hopes up, give up hope, have high hopes of, pin one’s hopes on

Task 10. Read the text and Fill in the gaps (1-6) with the phrases (A-G). There is one phrase that you do not need to use.

We want to be famous!

Ask kids in Britain what they want to be when they grow up and many will give the same reply: “I want to be famous!” That, at least, is the finding of a recent survey in the UK which suggests that the cult of the celebrity in Britain has reached such a level that traditional childhood dreams of becoming a pilot, an astronaut, or a ballerina, have been firmly replaced by the desire to become a celebrity.

Of course there is nothing new in childhood dreams of fame. Young children have always wanted to be superheroes, princesses, and rock stars. Nor, indeed, is there anything wrong with children dreaming of fame and fortune 1) ……….. ?

The problem today lies in British children’s perceptions of the accessibility of fame. The rise of a new type of celebrity in the UK — one who has achieved fame, fortune and influence without doing anything of importance — has created a generation of children 2) …………, it is something that can be got for nothing.

Reality TV shows (such as Big Brother) are partly responsible for the rise in this new genre of British celebrity. In the early 2000s, reality TV saw an explosion in popularity in the UK. Magazine covers in Britain became dominated by men and women 3) …………. . Such was the media coverage afforded to these reality TV stars that by 2007, according to one survey, one in seven UK teenagers were hoping to achieve fame by appearing on a reality TV show.

Of course, of the hundreds of thousands of people 4) …………, few actually achieve it. Teachers in Britain worry that the ease with which reality show contestants find fame fails to get this message across to children.

British teachers are also very concerned that the obsession with celebrity is affecting both children’s attitudes to study and their career aspirations. Children look at celebrities today 5) ………… . Thus, they begin to see education as unnecessary for achieving success in life.

It is very important not to fall into the trap of believing the path to fame and fortune is easy. If it was, everyone would be rich and famous! Very few people will achieve fame from appearing on reality TV, 6) ………… . Still, the good news for kids today is that regardless of whether or not they achieve fame, there are more job options open to them than ever before. Most kids can still grow up to be anything they want to be!

Phrases to fill in :

A who had achieved fame merely because they had done something memorable on reality television

B that will become famous for no particular reason

C and even fewer will achieve long-lasting fame

D since aiming high and having great dreams can push a child to succeed

E who dream of fame and fortune

F and see that they have not achieved their fame because of any accomplishment

G who believe that fame is not only easy to achieve

Task 11. Read the text about Alex Morton and choose the correct variant for each gap.

Alex Morton is a talented writer who led/has led/ has been led a very interesting life. He was born in 1945 in Manchester and he was the youngest of six children. From the moment he could read, was never without a book in his hands. He was an avid reader throughout his schooldays, and he soon showed/had shown/was shown his talent for writing too. In fact, his teachers had given/gave/ give him extra assignments just to be able to read more of his work.

After he left/has left/had left school he went to Manchester University. By the time he got his BA, he already published/ was already published /had already published a number of short stories, and his first novel was almost finished. Over the next few years he wrote non-stop and each of his books was more successful than the last. Despite being so busy with his work, Alex still found/had found/ was found time for romance. He met Fiona Jones while he was at university and they were married in 1971.They have two children. He is always/has always been/ had always been a devoted husband and father.

Alex Morton has written/had written/wrote over twenty books so far and his name has been on the bestseller list more times than he can remember. However, the pinnacle of his career was when he had won/won/has won the Booker Prize for Fiction in 1995. Since then, Alex has сontinued/continues/ continued to write and many of his books have been made into films.

РАЗБОР РЕШЕНИЯ ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОГО ЗАДАНИЯ 9

Task 9. Complete the sentences with the phrases in the correct form

1 We might be able to go away this weekend, but don’t _________― I may have to work.

2 He gave up his job _______ he would find something better.

3 I hadn’t changed a tyre before but I decided to have a go and _________ .

4 A terrible injury _____ Greg’s ________ of reaching the Olympics.

5 Mike _______ getting this job. He hasn’t applied for anything else.

6 I never ______ that I would become a famous singer one day.

7 Joanne _________ going to university.

Word bank: dash one’s hopes, in the hope that, hope for the best, get one’s hopes up, give up hope, have high hopes of, pin one’s hopes on

Данное задание направлено на контроль сформированности языковых компетенций двух видов: владение лексическим материалом урока и навык грамматической трансформации подходящей по смыслу фразы в заданном лексико-грамматическом контексте. Необходимо в каждый пропуск выбрать подходящую с точки зрения лексики и грамматической сочетаемости фразу. Для этого необходимо обращать внимание на непосредственное окружение искомой фразы — наличие предлогов, союзов, артиклей, разных форм местоимения.

Так, в первом предложении необходимо обратить внимание на противительный союз but и отрицание don’t. С точки зрения лексики нам подойдет фраза get one’s hopes up- успокаиваться. Эта фраза должна быть подвергнута грамматической трансформации – one’s необходимо заменить на притяжательное местоимение your, так как в целом, предложение обращено ко 2 лицу.

Во втором предложении исходя из грамматической структуры необходимо искать конструкцию, которая свяжет 2 части сложноподчиненного предложения. Этой связкой является фраза in the hope that.

В третьем предложении также необходимо обратить внимание на противительный союз but, после которого идет объяснение, почему говорящий не поменял шину. Первая часть объяснения— I decided to have a go— прекрасно сочетается с фразой hope for the best.

В четвертом предложении необходимо найти фразу, управляющую предлогом of и имеющую в своем составе притяжательный падеж существительного или прилагательного. Кроме того, выбор фразы определяет и словосочетание terrible injury, имеющее явно отрицательную коннотацию. В данном контексте нам подойдет фраза dash one’s hopes, которую необходимо поставить в прошедшее время Past Simple, так как речь идет о факте, имевшем место в прошлом. Правильный вариант ответа: A terrible injury dashed Greg’s hopes of reaching the Olympics.

В пятом предложении необходимо подобрать фразу, управляющую герундиальным оборотом getting this job. В данном контексте нам подойдут 2 фразы: have high hopes of и pin one’s hopes on. Обе управляют герундием. Однако второе предложение контекста- He hasn’t applied for anything else- позволяет нам сделать выбор в пользу второй фразы pin one’s hopes on. Согласно словарной статье, pin one’s hopes on значит «to hope that something will solve a particular problem, or help you to get a particular thing, because it is the only thing that possibly can» . Фраза have high hopes of означает «you feel that there is a god chance that it will happen». Кроме того, выбранную фразу необходимо подвергнуть грамматической трансформации и поставить в настоящее продолженное время. Правильный ответ: Mike is pinning his hopes on getting this job. He hasn’t applied for anything else.

В шестом предложении вторая часть «I would become a famous singer one day» стоит в грамматическом времени Future-in-the-past, следовательно, по правилу согласования времен и главное предложение должно стоять в прошедшем времени. Искомая фраза- give up hope- прекрасно сочетается с наречием never. Правильный ответ- I never gave up hope that I would become a famous singer one day.

В седьмом предложении нам снова понадобится фраза, управляющая герундием. Это фраза have high hopes of означает «you feel that there is a god chance that it will happen» . Фразу необходимо подвергнуть грамматической трансформации и поставить в настоящее неопределенное время, сочетая форму глагола с лицом и числом подлежащего. Правильный вариант ответа — Joanne has high hopes of going to university.

РАЗБОР РЕШЕНИЯ ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОГО ЗАДАНИЯ 10

Task 10. Read the text and Fill in the gaps (1-6) with the phrases (A-G). There is one phrase that you do not need to use.

We want to be famous!

Ask kids in Britain what they want to be when they grow up and many will give the same reply: “I want to be famous!” That, at least, is the finding of a recent survey in the UK which suggests that the cult of the celebrity in Britain has reached such a level that traditional childhood dreams of becoming a pilot, an astronaut, or a ballerina, have been firmly replaced by the desire to become a celebrity.

Of course there is nothing new in childhood dreams of fame. Young children have always wanted to be superheroes, princesses, and rock stars. Nor, indeed, is there anything wrong with children dreaming of fame and fortune 1) ……….. ?

The problem today lies in British children’s perceptions of the accessibility of fame. The rise of a new type of celebrity in the UK — one who has achieved fame, fortune and influence without doing anything of importance — has created a generation of children 2) …………, it is something that can be got for nothing.

Reality TV shows (such as Big Brother) are partly responsible for the rise in this new genre of British celebrity. In the early 2000s, reality TV saw an explosion in popularity in the UK. Magazine covers in Britain became dominated by men and women 3) …………. . Such was the media coverage afforded to these reality TV stars that by 2007, according to one survey, one in seven UK teenagers were hoping to achieve fame by appearing on a reality TV show.

Of course, of the hundreds of thousands of people 4) …………, few actually achieve it. Teachers in Britain worry that the ease with which reality show contestants find fame fails to get this message across to children.

British teachers are also very concerned that the obsession with celebrity is affecting both children’s attitudes to study and their career aspirations. Children look at celebrities today 5) ………… . Thus, they begin to see education as unnecessary for achieving success in life.

It is very important not to fall into the trap of believing the path to fame and fortune is easy. If it was, everyone would be rich and famous! Very few people will achieve fame from appearing on reality TV, 6) ………… . Still, the good news for kids today is that regardless of whether or not they achieve fame, there are more job options open to them than ever before. Most kids can still grow up to be anything they want to be!

Phrases to fill in :

A who had achieved fame merely because they had done something memorable on reality television

B that will become famous for no particular reason

C and even fewer will achieve long-lasting fame

D since aiming high and having great dreams can push a child to succeed

E who dream of fame and fortune

F and see that they have not achieved their fame because of any accomplishment

G who believe that fame is not only easy to achieve

Данное задание проверяет уровень сформированности навыков поискового чтения, чтения с извлечением необходимой информации. Чтобы справиться с этим заданием, необходимо сначала бегло просмотреть текст и понять, о чем он. Затем необходимо внимательно прочитать каждое предложение, которое нужно восстановить, и соотнести каждый пропуск с предложенными вариантами. При подборе недостающей части предложения необходимо помнить не только о смысле, но и обращать внимание на слова-связки, союзы, предлоги, синонимичные фразы, относительные определительные предложения. После восстановления целостности текста необходимо еще раз прочитать весь текст и удостовериться, что смысл не нарушен.

Первому пропуску предшествует часть предложения Nor, indeed, is there anything wrong with children dreaming of fame and fortune 1) ……….. ?
необходимо найти такое продолжение предложения, которое бы послужило объяснением имеющейся части. С точки зрения грамматического согласования искомой частью является вариант D since aiming high and having great dreams can push a child to succeed. Союзное слово since в данном контексте переводится «так как».кроме того, идет повтор Ving формы глагола. Следовательно, правильный ответ: Nor, indeed, is there anything wrong with children dreaming of fame and fortune since aiming high and having great dreams can push a child to succeed.

Во втором предложении пропущена средняя часть: The rise of a new type of celebrity in the UK — one who has achieved fame, fortune and influence without doing anything of importance — has created a generation of children 2) …………, it is something that can be got for nothing. В этом предложении необходимо обратить внимание на фразы without doing anything of importance и got for nothing.кроме того, из структуры предложения следует, что искомой частью будет относительное определительное ограничительное предложение. Оно должно отвечать на вопрос «каких?» (поколение детей) и , следовательно, водиться относительным местоимением who. Таких вариантов 3:A, E и G.Искомым вариантом является вариант G who believe that fame is not only easy to achieve, так как после запятой происходит замена слова fame на местоимение 3 лица единственного числа it.Правильный ответ: The rise of a new type of celebrity in the UK — one who has achieved fame, fortune and influence without doing anything of importance — has created a generation of children who believe that fame is not only easy to achieve, it is something that can be got for nothing.

В третьем предложении мы также ищем относительное определительное ограничительное придаточное предложение. Magazine covers in Britain became dominated by men and women 3) ………….. При выборе из двух удовлетворяющих с грамматической точки зрения вариантов А и Е есть смысл обратить внимание на предложение, предшествующее предложению с пропуском. In the early 2000s, reality TV saw an explosion in popularity in the UK. В искомом варианте A who had achieved fame merely because they had done something memorable on reality television содержится повтор reality television. Следовательно, правильный вариант А: Magazine covers in Britain became dominated by men and women who had achieved fame merely because they had done something memorable on reality television.

В четвертом пропуске мы снова ищем определительное ограничительное придаточное предложение. Of course, of the hundreds of thousands of people 4) …………, few actually achieve it.Правильным вариантом является вариант Е, так как он удовлетворяет вышеописанным условиям, кроме того, местоимение it после запятой служит заменой существительному fortune с целью избежать повтора. Правильный вариант: Of course, of the hundreds of thousands of people who dream of fame and fortune, few actually achieve it.

В пятом предложении Children look at celebrities today 5) ………… . искомым вариантом будет вариант F and see that they have not achieved their fame because of any accomplishment, так как подлежащее children управляет двумя однородными сказуемыми children look и children see.грамматические и смысловые нормы контекста не нарушены, следовательно, правильный вариант ответа F: Children look at celebrities today and see that they have not achieved their fame because of any accomplishment.

В шестом предложении Very few people will achieve fame from appearing on reality TV, 6) ………… . правильным вариантом ответа будет вариант C and even fewer will achieve long-lasting fame, так как очевиден лексический повтор will achieve fame , который уточняется описательным определением long-lasting. Правильный вариант ответа: Very few people will achieve fame from appearing on reality TV, and even fewer will achieve long-lasting fame.

Предложение- дистрактор B, ни с точки зрения смысла, ни с точки зрения грамматической сочетаемости , лишнее.

ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ

1. Do exercise 6 on page 121 (Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский в фокусе. Английский язык. 11 класс. Учебник, стр. 121 – М.: Просвещение, 2017.)
2. Do exercise 4 on page 52 ( Рабочая тетрадь к учебнику Английский в фокусе. Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский в фокусе. Английский язык. 11 класс. РТ, стр. 52 – М.: Просвещение, 2017.)